In this section, we are going to focus on how to use translation effectively in the language classroom. I would like to emphasize that we are considering translation and interpreting activities as a means to enhance language learning, and not as an end in themselves. This position has important implications for the type of methodology and assessment that we are going to use. So, taking this into account, our translation activities need to be considered first within the context of second language acquisition (SLA) and existing theories of learning. Secondly, they need to fit within the particular structure of our course(s): aims, learning outcomes, methodology, and assessment procedures. Thirdly, they need to take account of translation theory and existing research in the field of Translation Studies. As SLA is the topic of Module 2, and assessment is dealt with in Module 13, we shall concentrate here on aspects of translation theory and translation pedagogy.